Dietary supplements and ergogenic aids are used to enhance exercise performance and health. When deciding to use dietary supplements or ergogenic aids, one must use an evidence-based approach. Further, it is important to examine the safety and efficacy of these dietary supplements under specific populations or to evaluate the interaction effects with other ingredients. Therefore, we created a special issue entitled “Dietary supplements and ergogenic aids in relation to health and performance”, which attracted several global experts in exercise nutrition. Specifically, the special issue attracted 6 high quality original manuscripts. In this editorial, we will briefly highlight key points of each manuscript.